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  • Although adaptor proteins are important regulators of

    2020-08-05

    Although adaptor proteins are important regulators of pathogen infection, their involvement in the ESC disease has not been reported. ESC, caused by the bacterium Edwardsiella ictaluri, is one of the most severe bacterial diseases in catfish. Although E. ictaluri pathogenesis is relatively well characterized, the knowledge about E. ictaluri intestinal interaction is limited (Santander et al., 2014). Besides, little is known about the molecular mechanism of pathogenicity of E. ictaluri. Intestinal tract was confirmed as a site of E. ictaluri entry by bacteriological and microscopic methods (Baldwin and Newton, 1993). It has been suggested that E. ictaluri survives in intestinal macrophages (Santander et al., 2013) and causes intestinal barrier disruption and immune suppression (Li et al., 2012). E. ictaluri traverses the epithelial lining with no epithelial cell damage by exploiting normal cellular transport systems (Skirpstunas and Baldwin, 2002). Actin polymerization and receptor-mediated endocytosis are involved in the uptake of E. ictaluri by rat small intestinal epithelial Sodium Aescinate (Skirpstunas and Baldwin, 2002). It was corroborated that E. ictaluri lipopolysaccharide oligo-polysaccharide (LPS O-PS) plays a major role during catfish intestinal infection and immune protective stimulation, since they influence the recognition of the LPS by the intestinal mucosal immune system of catfish (Santander et al., 2014). However, the internalization process of E. ictaluri into its natural host, channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), together with the involved pathways, genes, and coordinators are still unknown. Our recent QTL mapping study revealed that the adaptor genes, including the NCK genes and the ABI genes, are located within the genomic regions harboring the most significant QTL (Zhou et al., 2017), suggesting that these genes could be involved in the determination of resistance, and possibly through their roles as adaptors assisting the entry of the pathogen into the host. As a first step for the understanding of the roles of the adaptor genes in ESC pathogenesis, in this study, we identified the adaptor genes and determined their expression after ESC infection. Here we report the identification, annotation, and expression analysis of three NCK and six ABI genes.
    Materials and methods
    Results
    Discussion Adaptor genes NCK and ABI are important regulators for disease response. ABI1 was reported as a positional candidate gene for ESC disease resistance in catfish (Zhou et al., 2017), and bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) resistance in rainbow trout (Palti et al., 2015). NCK1 was reported to be a candidate gene for ESC disease resistance of catfish by using genome wide association analysis (Zhou et al., 2017). Blue catfish is more resistant to ESC than channel catfish (William and Terrence, 2004). Identification of NCK and ABI genes in channel and blue catfish and the expression analysis will provide insight for the research of molecular mechanism of ESC resistance.