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Medium spiny neurons MSNs in the striatum start
2023-07-14
Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum start from a deeply hyperpolarized resting membrane potential, slowly depolarize and show a delayed start of firing during a current injection (Kawaguchi, 1993, Nisenbaum and Wilson, 1995, Planert et al., 2013). The firing pattern during the current inject
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where is the breaking force In the following the details
2023-07-14
where is the breaking force. In the following, the details of the simulation are presented and subsequently, the results are discussed. The initial atomic structure is extracted from the crystal structure of single AF (PDB identification 3G37) which consist 12 monomers. As aforementioned 4 monomer
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It is important to note that stable amnesia is apparently
2023-07-13
It is important to note that stable amnesia is, apparently, a general biological phenomenon and can be found in different animal species. In studies on rats, it was found that if reconsolidation of conditioned olfactory aversion memory was impaired by the antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors, amne
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Acknowledgments br P c is
2023-07-13
Acknowledgments P450c17 is expressed in several steroidogenic tissues, including the adrenal cortex, the ovary, and the testes (). Thus, 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase is a key enzyme required for the production of both cortisol and sex steroids. This enzyme defect blocks the synthesis of cortisol,
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(S)-(-)-Propranolol hydrochloride Axl which belongs to the T
2023-07-13
Axl, which belongs to the Tyro-Axl-Mer (TAM) family of RTKs, has been reported to regulate a variety of physiological processes including cell survival, proliferation, migration and adhesion, through the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (
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Previously several genes such as
2023-07-13
Previously, several genes such as cytokine (Lyu and Park, 2007), cell motility-associated genes (Schotterl et al., 2017), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), TGF-β receptor II which is a cell surface receptor with serine/threonine kinase activity (Jiang et al., 2014, Schotterl et al., 2017), cell
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br ATX LPA pathway in
2023-07-13
ATX–LPA pathway in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis Several animal models have been used to characterize the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis and to test new therapeutic strategies. The collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model (Courtenay et al., 1980, Luross and Williams, 2
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Among the most important Ca
2023-07-13
Among the most important Ca regulatory mechanisms are the Plasma Membrane Calcium ATPase (PMCA) and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA). These pumps belong to the family of P-ATPases, which share the formation of an acid-stable phosphorylated intermediate as part of their reaction cycle. P
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Chromatin proteins play important roles in gene expression
2023-07-13
Chromatin proteins play important roles in gene expression and DNA repair. The importance of chromatin composition on gene expression is exemplified by X-inactivation, where one of the two X chromosomes in female mammalian raloxifene hydrochloride is transcriptionally silenced by heterochromatin , ,
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In our bioinformatics analysis of proteins with increased
2023-07-13
In our bioinformatics analysis of proteins with increased SUMOylation upon treatment with MMC and HU, we found clusters of co-regulated proteins that are known to function together in the RS response. In addition to the ATR activation proteins, BRCA1 and BARD1, we also found Fanconi anemia proteins
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br Experimental section br Acknowledgements br
2023-07-13
Experimental section Acknowledgements Introduction DJ-1 is a highly conserved, homodimeric protein that was originally cloned as an oncogene capable of transforming SC-514 synthesis in cooperation with activated ras[1]. DJ-1 is over-expressed in multiple tumor types and is positively corre
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br Experimental section br Acknowledgments br Introduction A
2023-07-13
Experimental section Acknowledgments Introduction Adipose is a major endocrine organ which releases a range of bioactive agents [1]. Selected adipose depots have been established as sites of sex steroid metabolism [1]. Subcutaneous and visceral adipose express high levels of aromatase, cap
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To enhance the accuracy of SEs in eliminating cancer
2023-07-13
To enhance the accuracy of SEs in eliminating cancer cells, the mAb recognized by specific j 14 on tumor cells were fused with SEs. Fab C215 or C242 fused with SEA promoted apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells via Fas (Dohlsten et al., 1994, Litton et al., 1996). SEB-incorporated exosomes were
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br Acknowledgments br Protein microarrays
2023-07-13
Acknowledgments Protein microarrays were developed to provide miniaturized high-throughput tools to study protein function, EDTA sale and post-translational modifications. Just a few years ago, the seminal work performed in Stuart Schreiber's laboratory at Harvard University () and at Michael S
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The reception of antiangiogenic treatment
2023-07-13
The reception of antiangiogenic treatment in neuro-oncology has yet to achieve the wide success rapidly accomplished for other malignancies. In 1984, mutated receptor tyrosine kinase became a culprit for aberrant tumorigenesis signal, providing a target for monoclonal PF-06447475 (mAbs) and small-m
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