• AR is expressed in cell specific human ovarian follicles

  2023-11-21

  

  AR is expressed in cell-specific human ovarian follicles at all stages of follicular development [25]. Administration of androgens in animals demonstrated initiation of follicular recruitment, stimulation of early stages of follicular growth, and increase in the number of growing follicles [26,27].

• How do increased levels of

  2023-11-21

  

  How do increased levels of ammonia as observed in clinical HE constrain synaptic plasticity? Numerous studies have investigated the modulation of signal transduction pathways activated in LTP or LTD irrespective of being necessary or sufficient for changes in synaptic efficacy (Wen et al., 2013). Ye

• br Stress glucocorticoids as risk factor for Alzheimer

  2023-11-20

  

  Stress/glucocorticoids as risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease: preclinical studies A role for glucocorticoids in shaping the risk for AD is supported by animal studies using rats or mice injected with Aβ oligomers, tau protein or excitotoxins, or transgenic (Tg) mice carrying mutations associated

• GSK591 Interestingly all of the ROS rearrangements

  2023-11-20

  

  Interestingly, all of the ROS1 rearrangements share a constant breakpoint in ROS1 and the fusion product contain the kinase domain resulting in aberrant ROS1 expression with constitutive kinase activity. Intrachromosomal deletions and interchromosomal translocations have demonstrated the existence o

• The AHR potentially enhances IDO

  2023-11-20

  

  The AHR potentially enhances IDO-expression, possibly via crosstalk with several inflammatory signaling pathways (shown by now for IL6 and ‘signal transducer and activator of transcription’ (STAT) 3, and for NFκB, toll like receptor-pathways) [56,59,60]. IDO metabolizes Trp to kynurenines, which are

• As regards feeding the ability to dissipate surplus

  2023-11-20

  

  As regards feeding, the ability to dissipate surplus energy in the form of heat is beneficial for animals if the protein concentration in the food is low, since it allows them then to meet the adequate protein intake requirement without getting fat. Some of the major dietary activators of the AHR ar

• Growing evidence indicates that GRKs

  2023-11-20

  

  Growing evidence indicates that GRKs can exert different effects within the cell depending on the stimulus, cell type, and localization [97], [121]. In this sense, we were the first to demonstrate a mitochondrial localization for GRK2 [122], later confirmed by other investigators [123], establishing

• The subdivision of HT receptors started

  2023-11-20

  

  The subdivision of 5-HT receptors started in the 1950s by Gaddum and colleagues, when they realised that in the guinea pig ileum, the effects of 5-HT could be blocked in part by morphine (M), and in part by dibenzyline (D). Gaddum and Picarelli proposed two receptor classes, 5-HT M and 5-HT D (1957)

• Given the powerful and ubiquitous

  2023-11-20

  

  Given the powerful and ubiquitous nature of adenosine action within the CNS, basal levels of extracellular adenosine are carefully regulated and are estimated to be in the region of 30–300 nM (Fredholm et al., 2001). The two main pathways for the control of extracellular adenosine involve phosphoryl

• HT receptors are distributed throughout

  2023-11-20

  

  5-HT3 receptors are distributed throughout the brain, within the brainstem (e.g., nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema and spinal trigeminal nucleus) and b 35 receptor (e.g., hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, putamen and caudate) (Abi-Dargham et al., 1993, Barnes et al., 1989, Bufton et

• When skeletal muscle ages there

  2023-11-20

  

  When skeletal muscle ages, there is an increase in frailty, which is coincident with a decrease in muscle mass and function—this condition is called sarcopenia (Cruz-Jentoft et al., 2010). It has been shown that one of the major pathways downregulated at the onset of sarcopenia is the mitochondrial

• The current findings proved that citral treatment

  2023-11-20

  

  The current findings proved that citral treatment induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic cell death in both HCT116 and HT29 through the p53 and ROS. As such, citral promoted apoptosis as evident by the externalization of PS and dissipation of Δψm at 24h of treatment in HCT116 and HT29 cells. These

• Bran is a byproduct of flour milling

  2023-11-20

  

  Bran is a byproduct of flour milling, typically utilized as a valuable component of animal feeds. Because of its attractive technological and health-promoting properties, it Tamoxifen receptor has also been increasingly used in food manufacturing as a source of dietary fiber. Indeed, with the growin

• br Obstructing SNARE zippering Sharma et al demonstrated for

  2023-11-20

  

  Obstructing SNARE “zippering” Sharma et al. demonstrated for the first time that in the postmortem AD brains, the level of SNARE complex formation, which is necessary for driving synaptic vesicle fusion at the presynaptic active zone, is significantly reduced [123]. In the absence of changes in e

• This suggestion was confirmed by immunohistochemical studies

  2023-11-18

  

  This suggestion was confirmed by immunohistochemical studies in which the immunoreactivity of the enzyme was actually higher at the earlier rather than at the advanced stages of the disease. Importantly, a later study showed that the biochemical signature of 12/15LO enzymatic activation (i.e., 12-H

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